Entrepreneurship is a mindset every young person can learn: noticing problems, testing ideas and managing…
Tanzania is a young country. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, young people aged 15 to 35 number about 21.3 million, or 34.5% of the population. Every year, many of them look for their first job, and many will one day create their own work. Entrepreneurship is not only a career option; it is a way of thinking that helps in any job.
Why money skills matter early
Tanzania has made remarkable progress on financial inclusion. The FinScope Tanzania 2023 survey found that 76% of adults are formally included, up from 65% in 2017, and 72% use mobile money. But young people are being left behind: those aged 16 to 25 now make up 51% of adults who are financially excluded, up from 33% in 2017.
Learning to budget, save and make good decisions about money at school helps close that gap.
What the evidence says about teaching it well
Not every approach works. A large randomised study of school-based financial education in Ghana found that the programme increased saving at school, but had no effect on children’s total savings or academic results, and a version that taught finance alone, without social and life skills, increased child work (Berry, Karlan and Pradhan). The lesson is clear: money skills work best when they are taught together with values, wellbeing and responsible decision-making, not as a push to earn.
Start small: five steps for learners
- Notice problems. Look around your school, home or community. What is broken, slow, wasteful or missing? Every problem is a possible opportunity.
- Talk to people. Before building anything, ask the people affected what they need. Good solutions start with listening.
- Test a tiny version. Try your idea in the smallest, cheapest way possible, for one day or with ten people, and learn from what happens.
- Keep simple records. Write down every shilling in and out. A basic budget turns a hobby into a real project.
- Learn from setbacks. Most first ideas do not work perfectly. Entrepreneurs adjust and try again.
Ideas schools can try
- A termly “problem to project” challenge, where teams solve a real issue at school.
- A school market day where learners plan, budget and report on a small product or service.
- Guest talks from local entrepreneurs about what they learned from their mistakes.
- Lessons on using mobile money safely and avoiding scams.
Think big
Not every learner will start a business. But every learner can become someone who spots opportunities, takes initiative and manages resources well. Those are the people who build strong families, organisations and communities.
Pathfinder’s Entrepreneurship & Financial Literacy programme helps schools build this mindset alongside practical money skills.
Sources
- National Bureau of Statistics, Adolescents and Youth in Tanzania
- Bank of Tanzania and NBS, FinScope Tanzania 2023
- J-PAL, Evaluating the efficacy of school-based financial education programs for children in Ghana